引言
在英语学习中,短语 "do harm to doing" 常被误解或误用。
实际上,英语中更常见、更自然的表达是 "do harm to something" 或 "harm something",
而 "doing"(动名词)作为宾语时需特别注意语法结构是否合理。
正确用法分析
标准英语中,harm 是及物动词,可直接接宾语:
Smoking harms your health.Pollution does harm to the environment.
但若想表达“对做某事有害”,通常不使用 do harm to doing,而应改写为:
Doing X is harmful.It is harmful to do X.X can be harmful.
例如:
- ❌
It does harm to smoking.(不自然) - ✅
Smoking does harm to your lungs. - ✅
It is harmful to smoke.
常见误区
许多学习者受中文思维影响,直译“对做某事有害”为 do harm to doing,但这在英语中不符合惯用表达。
英语更倾向于将动作本身(动名词)作为主语,或使用不定式结构表达目的或结果。
实用例句
Excessive screen time does harm to children's eyesight.Lying can do more harm than good.It’s harmful to skip breakfast regularly.Drinking too much coffee may harm your sleep.
总结
虽然 "do harm to doing" 在语法上并非完全错误,但在实际英语使用中极为罕见且不自然。
建议优先使用更地道的表达方式,如 "harm + 名词" 或 "It is harmful to do..."。
掌握这些结构,能让你的英语更流畅、更符合母语习惯。